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Researchers have discovered that males have a pair of neurons which makes them remember and seek sex even at the cost of food.

These male-specific neurons are required for sex-based differences in learning, suggesting that sex differences in cognitive abilities can be genetically hardwired.

That’s what scientists at University College London discovered in the brains of nematode worms – and they say they expect the same thing in humans.

“The male human brain has types of neurons that the female brain doesn’t, and vice versa”, co-author of the study Scott Emmons, told the Telegraph.

The report, published in Nature, says that it is proof that there is a difference in the way male and female brains are hardwired. “This may change how the two sexes perceive the world and their behavioural priorities”. Previous research showed that the male worms had an additional two brain cells when compared to the hermaphrodites and this latest data has shed light on how they influence behaviour.

According to Barrios: “We’ve shown how genetic and developmental differences between the two sexes lead to structural changes in the brain of male worms during sexual maturation”.

Co-senior author Dr Richard Poole, UCL Cell & Developmental Biology, said: “This is the first well-described example of glia making neurons outside vertebrates and is particularly exciting as we find that the glial cells in question are fully differentiated cells, an issue that has been tricky to address in higher organisms”. The new pair that is identified is called mystery cells of the male or MCMs.

The worms were tested by being placed near food and another, sexually available, worm – a higher percentage of male worms slithered over to the would-be sex partner than the food. The team made this discovery with the species of worm, which has no female gender – just male and hermaphrodite which carry sperm and can impregnate themselves – by conditioning them to not like salt by associating it with starvation.

Scientists conditioned the worms so that when salt was present they realised that they would be starved. This indicated that the association of salt with sex was stronger than and preferred over the association of salt with lack of food.

Scientists believe the cells allow males to process information differently and “prioritise sex in future situations”.